Decolorization of Textile Wastewater Using Fabricated Poly Acrylonitrile (PAN) Nanoparticles

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta City, Damietta, 34517, Egypt

2 Polymer Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Researches Institute, City of Scientific Researches and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, 21934 Egypt.

Abstract

Water contamination is not only influence human health and environment, but it has also
effects on social and economic costs. Textile wastewater is considered to be one of the most
dangerous types of water contaminants as it consists of mixture of pigments, dyes and different
types of organic contaminants. Nanotechnology offers novel functional materials in the area of
wastewater treatment especially dye removal. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanoparticles considered to
be one of the most promising prepared materials in the field of dye removal. PAN nanoparticles
was prepared by precipitation polymerization technique in an alcoholic aqueous solution (water:
ethanol) and was characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transfer
infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). Basic Red 46 (BR
46) dye is a cationic dye which is used as a model of contaminant due to its extensive use in
textile industry. The processing parameters affecting on the adsorption of BR 46 onto the
prepared PAN nanoparticles have been optimized through a batch mode experiments.
The maximum removal percentage of the selected dye was 62.4 % recorded after 240 min
equilibrium time using 0.05 g from PAN nanoparticles and with 5 ppm initial dye concentration.
As the experimental results proved that the increment in material dosage from 0.01 to 0.5 g
enhanced the dye removal percentage from 43.6% up to 85%. Meanwhile, the improvement in
initial dye concentrations had negative impact on the adsorption process onto the prepared
powdered material, as it decreased from 82.3 to 11.85% when the initial dye concentration
increased from 1-100 ppm. The dye adsorption mechanism was investigated through the
application of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models on the experimental data. Moreover, the
kinetics of dye adsorption process was tested using the pseudo-first and pseudo-second order
kinetic models.

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